AGRARIAN MODERNIZATION PARADIGM AS BASIS OF THE PEDAGOGY OF INEQUALITY IN LATIN AMERICAN RURAL ENVIRONMENTS.

Abstract

This essay tries to contribute to the understanding of the origin of the hierarchic asymmetries, in which South American agrarian structures are maintained and also how they made possible agro exporters national and regional models considered successful by the participation discharge of agrarian commodities in their trades balance until the present time. The analysis of the historical processes allows understood the maintenance of gender, generational and ethnic hierarchies in the South American rural spaces. In this line of thought it acquires relevance the arrival of the Green Revolution from second half of Century XX promoted by ideas of the development policy that based its expectations of conquest of the indefinite progress by means of technological innovation and modernization of political, economic and social structures. For the rural spaces this paradigm adopted the denomination of agrarian modernization.  The agrarian modernization, epistemological basis for the diffusion and adoption of the technological package, was originated in the Global North. For its adoption on the part of rural communities of developing countries was used a strategic pedagogy: the rural extensionism. The National States assumed a significant role creating dependencies specialized and moving in importance to the traditional Agrarian Technical Assistance. The agrarian modernization fulfilled the expectation to increase the agricultural productivity dramatically but at the same time it deepened and it recreated gender, generational, ethnic and territorial  hierarchical barriers, defrauding to those who at the time supposed that the exponential growth of wealth by means of productivity by  technological innovation, jointly  with one  rational administration based on postulates of optimization and efficiency, would eradicate   inequalities  taken root in  social structures, specially  rural.