Biotechnological potential of the endophytic fungi isolated from Clitoria guianensis

Luana Fernandes Ferraz; Luiz Renato Lima Silva Miranda; Gleys Kellen Aquino Moraes; Aloísio Freitas Chagas Junior; Vanessa Mara Chapla

doi:10.20873/jbb.uft.cemaf.v12n2.17691

Autores

Luana Fernandes Ferraz Universidade Federal do Tocantins https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7170-6129
Luiz Renato Lima Silva Miranda Universidade Federal do Tocantins https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4731-6996
Gleys Kellen Aquino Moraes Universidade Federal do Tocantins
Aloísio Freitas Chagas Junior Universidade Federal do Tocantins https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7489-8701
Vanessa Mara Chapla Universidade Federal do Tocantins https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1078-668X

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.20873/jbb.uft.cemaf.v12n2.17691

Palavras-chave:

fungos endossimbiontes , vergateza, antagonismo, atividade alelopática

Resumo

A biodiversidade de fungos endofíticos na região do cerrado no Norte do Brasil permanece pouco explorada, portanto, é importante explorar o potencial biotecnológico desses endófitos. Neste estudo, foram isoladas dezessete cepas de fungos endofíticos da planta medicinal Clitoria guianensis e foi testado sua capacidade de inibir três fungos fitopatogênicos: Fusarium oxysporum, Bipolaris oryzae e Curvularia lunata. O ensaio antagônico in vitro foi avaliado em diferentes escalas de tempo (seis e doze dias), observamos que todas as cepas de fungos endofíticos, isoladas de C. guianenses, inibiram o crescimento de F. oxysporum e B. oryzae após seis dias, para C. lunata apenas dez cepas inibiram seu crescimento nos primeiros seis dias. Em doze dias de ensaio apenas as cepas CGF1, CGF3 e CGF4 inibiram o crescimento de F. oxysporum, enquanto para os demais fungos fitopatogênicos a inibição não foi observada. Os fungos endofíticos foram cultivados em ambiente controlado utilizando meio de batata dextrose (PDB) e os extratos brutos foram obtidos pela extração da cultura do fungo com acetato de etila (AcOEt). Todos os extratos brutos apresentaram atividade antioxidante, avaliada pelo método de 2,2 difenil-1-picrilhidrazil (DPPH). Adicionalmente, quatro concentrações diferentes (C100, C500, C1000 e C2000) dos extratos brutos foram avaliados no ensaio alelopático in vitro utilizando sementes de Lactuca sativa. Alguns extratos fúngicos demonstraram efeitos alelopáticos inibindo o crescimento de plântulas de Lactuca sativa, como por exemplo o extrato bruto obtido da cepa CGF7 na concentração de C2000 inibiu o desenvolvimento das radículas em 75,2%. Enquanto outros atuaram como promotores de crescimento, como é o caso do extrato bruto da cepa CGF10 que contribuiu para o crescimento da radícula de alface em 15,9% em C2000. De modo geral, estes achados sugerem que os fungos endofíticos associados a C. guianensis possuem significativo potencial biotecnológico, podendo ser utilizados como agentes de biocontrole contra fitopatógenos e plantas daninhas, além de promotores de crescimento, tornando-os ferramentas valiosas para a agricultura sustentável.

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