In vitro protocol optimization for development of interspecific hybrids of oil palm (Elaeis oleifera (H.B.K) Cortés x Elaeis guineensis Jacq.)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20873/jbb.uft.cemaf.v2n3.alvesKeywords:
Actived charcoal, phenolic oxidation, embryo rescue, callogenesisAbstract
The oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) is the major source of plant oil in the world. Nevertheless, is susceptible to the fatal yellowing disease, which is affecting the oil palm production in Pará state, Brazil. To overcome this problem, interspecific hybrids of Elaeis oleifera x Elaeis guineensis is a viable alternative. Some protocols for in vitro embryo rescue were already established, but it is necessary to optimize it. The aim of this paper was to optimize the in vitro protocol for culture of embryos from interspecific hybrids of oil palm (E. oleifera x E. guineensis). Disinfection embryos were carried out with 1 and 2% NaOCl for 20 or 40 minutes. Embryos were germinated in vitro on the presence of 0, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.25% activated charcoal and Embryos were cultured in vitro on the presence of 2.4- Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2.4-D) at 375, 500 and 625 µM for callus induction. Activated charcoal (0.25%) is necessary to reduce oxidation in the embryos. Seed disinfection can be suitable reached with 1% NaOCl for 20 minutes. Different varieties have different ideal levels of 2.4-D for callus induction. The best level of 2.4-D for callus induction is 375 and 625 µM for the varieties SJ-167 and SJ-165, respectively.
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